HomeIncome Tax Act 2025Crypto & Virtual Digital Asset (VDA) Tax under the Income-tax Act, 2025
Income Tax Act 2025 · Special rates

Crypto & Virtual Digital Asset (VDA) Tax under the Income-tax Act, 2025

How crypto and other virtual digital assets are taxed — a flat 30% on gains, only cost of acquisition deductible, no set-off of losses, 1% TDS, and mandatory disclosure.

Income from transferring crypto and other virtual digital assets (VDAs) is taxed at a flat 30% under the special-rate provisions of Chapter XIII of the Income-tax Act, 2025. The rules are deliberately strict: no deduction is allowed except the cost of acquisition, losses cannot be set off against other income or carried forward, and a 1% TDS applies on transfers. VDAs — crypto tokens and NFTs — are defined in Section 2(111).

  • Flat 30% (plus surcharge and cess) on income from transfer of any VDA.
  • Only cost of acquisition is deductible — no expenses, no indexation.
  • No loss set-off or carry-forward.
  • 1% TDS on transfers above the threshold.

Reviewer note: insert the exact special-rate section number (Chapter XIII) and the VDA TDS section number, plus the TDS threshold, before publishing.

Sections in this topic

Key rules, limits & exemptions

Frequently asked questions

How is crypto taxed in India under the new Act?
A flat 30% (plus surcharge and cess) on income from the transfer of any virtual digital asset, with only the cost of acquisition deductible and no set-off of losses.
Is there TDS on crypto?
Yes — 1% TDS applies on VDA transfers above the prescribed threshold.
Disclaimer: Educational overview of the Income-tax Act, 2025 (effective 1 April 2026), not professional advice. Confirm your position with our team before acting.

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