Aditya Narayan Mahasupakar ……… v. Chief Commissioner Of Income Tax And Others

ORISSA HIGH COURT: CUTTACK W.P.(C) No.21407 of 2016 In the matter of an application under Articles 226 & 227 of the Constitution of India. ---------- Aditya Narayan Mahasupakar ……… Petitioner -versus- Chief Commissioner of Income Tax and others ……… Opp.Parties For Petitioner : M/s. Ravichandran Iyer, G.K.Acharya, S.K.Behera, D.K.Naik, D.P.Mishra, & S.Behera. & S.Behera. For Opp.Parties : Standing Counsel, Income Tax P R E S E N T : THE HONOURABLE KUMARI JUSTICE S. PANDA A N D THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE S.N.PRASAD Date of hearing & judgment : 20.01.2017 S.N.Prasad , J.This writ petition has been filed, inter alia, for the following reliefs: The brief fact leading to the institution of this writ petition is that search warrant was issued by opposite party no.1 on 01.12.2014 by the Income Tax Department in exercise of the powers conferred under Section 132 of the Income Tax Act, 1961, hereinafter to be referred to as “the Act, 1961”, in short. The authorities of the Income Tax Department conducted search, but no incriminating material has been recovered, rather they found cash amounting to Rs.40,050/- and gold jewellery of 906 grams belonging to two married ladies of the family, which are within the permissible limits as prescribed by the Income Tax Department and accordingly, Panchanama was prepared showing inventory of cash worth of Rs.40,050/-, golden jewellery valued at Rs.22,00,714/-, but not seized. 3.Opposite party no.2 after search and seizure, issued a notice under Section 153 of the Act, 1961 on 06.08.2015 calling upon the petitioner to prepare a true and correct return for the assessment year 2009-10 and furnish the same within a period of 30 days. In compliance to the notice, the petitioner had filed compliance stating therein that the return filed under Section 139 of the Act, 1961 prior to the search operation may be treated as compliance to the notice issued under Section 153-A of the Act. 4.Opposite party no.2 has issued notice under Section 143(2) of the Act, 1961 on 11.07.2016 asking the petitioner to attend his office and explain the discrepancy in connection with the return income for the assessment year 2009-10 to 2014-15. Opposite party no.2 has also called for the records for the last six assessment years in exercise of the powers vested under Section 142(1) of the Act, 1961 from the assessment year 2009-10 and fixed the date to 7.11.2016 for compliance of the notice dated 1.11.2016. The petitioner on receipt of the notice under Section 142(1) of the Act, 1961 filed his objection through his counsel challenging the correctness of the initiation of search and seizure proceeding. Opposite party no.2 on receiving the objection from the petitioner has passed order holding the search and seizure conducted on 2.12.2014 as legal and valid. 5.The petitioner has taken a ground to challenge the action of the Income Tax authorities including the jurisdiction conferred to them under Section 132 of the Act, 1961 by submitting that the said power can only be exercised by the competent authority if they have definite reasons to belief, there being material information in his possession otherwise not and in case any such search is conducted without any specific information or material information in possession, then the search action will be deemed illegal and arbitrary. The petitioner has further taken a ground that on mere assumption by the competent authorities of the Income Tax Department, the search and seizure order/ warrant cannot be issued as the same will be totally against the provisions of Section 132 of the Act, 1961 and in the given case, it is seen that as per the Panchanama no materials have been seized from the petitioner, which would establish that the same was unaccounted for. 6.Learned counsel representing the Revenue has vehemently opposed the submission of the learned counsel representing the petitioner by submitting that it is not correct that the authorities have exercised the powers conferred upon them under Section 132 of the Act, 1961 merely on surmises and conjectures, rather in course of scrutiny of the documents in the premises of the petitioner, it was found that there was some undisclosed income, which has not been disclosed by the petitioner while submitting the return under Section 139 of the Act, 1961 and as such, it cannot be said that there was no reason for making search and seizure. He further submits that the competent authorities of the Income Tax Department had issued notice under Section 153-A of the Act, 1961 in which he has made objection, which has been answered by the petitioner and in the meanwhile the assessment order has also been passed by the competent assessing authority and as such, at this moment, the writ petition itself is not maintainable because there is an assessment order and if the petitioner is at all aggrieved, he may challenge the same before the appropriate forum. He further submits that since the order of assessment has been passed by the authority, he ought to have approached the alternative remedy of appeal under the Statute, but instead of doing so, he has approached this Court invoking the extraordinary jurisdiction of this Court under Articles 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India, and hence, this writ petition is not maintainable even on the ground of alternative remedy. He further submits that the petitioner has challenged the search and seizure, but the search was conducted on 2.12.2014 in pursuance to the search warrant issued on 1.12.2014, but fairly for about more than two years the search warrant has not been questioned by the petitioner and only when notice under Section 153 of the Act, 1961 has been issued on 6.8.2014 and even from that date, this writ petition has been filed after lapse of more than one year and four months approximately from the date of issuance of notice. Hence, it cannot be said that the petitioner is at all aggrieved with the search warrant. 7.We have heard the learned counsels for the parties and gone through the materials available on record. through the materials available on record. 8.Before appreciating the argument advanced on behalf of the parties, we thought it proper to have a discussion regarding the statutory provision which has got bearing for deciding the issue involved in this case which are being quoted hereunder as:- “132Search and seizure.. (1) Where the [Principal Director General or] Director General or [Principal Director or] Director or the [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner or [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner or Additional Director or Additional Commissioner or Joint Director or Joint Commissioner in consequence of information in his possession, has reason to believe that— (a) any person to whom a summons under sub-section (1) of section 37 of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or under sub-section (1) of section 131 of this Act, or a notice under sub-section (4) of section 22 of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922, or under sub-section (1) of section 142 of this Act was issued to produce, or cause to be produced, any books of account or other documents has omitted or failed to produce, or cause to be produced, such books of account or other documents as required by such summons or notice, or 37 of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or under sub-section (1) of section 131 of this Act, or a notice under sub-section (4) of section 22 of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922, or under sub-section (1) of section 142 of this Act was issued to produce, or cause to be produced, any books of account or other documents has omitted or failed to produce, or cause to be produced, such books of account or other documents as required by such summons or notice, or (b) any person to whom a summons or notice as aforesaid has been or might be issued will not, or would not, produce or cause to be produced, any books of account or other documents which will be useful for, or relevant to, any proceeding under the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or under this Act, or might be issued will not, or would not, produce or cause to be produced, any books of account or other documents which will be useful for, or relevant to, any proceeding under the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or under this Act, or (c) any person is in possession of any money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing and such money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing represents either wholly or partly income or property which has not been, or would not be, disclosed for the purposes of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or this Act (hereinafter in this section referred to as the undisclosed income or property), other valuable article or thing and such money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing represents either wholly or partly income or property which has not been, or would not be, disclosed for the purposes of the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or this Act (hereinafter in this section referred to as the undisclosed income or property), [then,— (A) the [Principal Director General or] Director General or [Principal Director or] Director or the [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner or [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner, as the case may be, may authorise any Additional Director or Additional Commissioner or Joint Director, Joint Commissioner, Assistant Director or Deputy Director, Assistant Commissioner or Deputy Commissioner or Income-tax Officer, or Director or] Director or the [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner or [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner, as the case may be, may authorise any Additional Director or Additional Commissioner or Joint Director, Joint Commissioner, Assistant Director or Deputy Director, Assistant Commissioner or Deputy Commissioner or Income-tax Officer, or (B) such Additional Director or Additional Commissioner or Joint Director, or Joint Commissioner, as the case may be, may authorise any Assistant Director or Deputy Director, Assistant Commissioner or Deputy Commissioner or Income-tax Officer, Director, or Joint Commissioner, as the case may be, may authorise any Assistant Director or Deputy Director, Assistant Commissioner or Deputy Commissioner or Income-tax Officer, (the officer so authorised in all cases being hereinafter referred to as the authorised officer) to—] (i)enter and search any building, place, vessel, vehicle or aircraft where he has reason to suspect that such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing are kept; where he has reason to suspect that such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing are kept; (ii)break open the lock of any door, box, locker, safe, almirah or other receptacle for exercising the powers conferred by clause (i) where the keys thereof are not available; receptacle for exercising the powers conferred by clause (i) where the keys thereof are not available; (iia) search any person who has got out of, or is about to get into, or is in, the building, place, vessel, vehicle or aircraft, if the authorised officer has reason to suspect that such person has secreted about his person any such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing; in, the building, place, vessel, vehicle or aircraft, if the authorised officer has reason to suspect that such person has secreted about his person any such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing; (iia) search any person who has got out of, or is about to get into, or is in, the building, place, vessel, vehicle or aircraft, if the authorised officer has reason to suspect that such person has secreted about his person any such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing; in, the building, place, vessel, vehicle or aircraft, if the authorised officer has reason to suspect that such person has secreted about his person any such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing; (iib) require any person who is found to be in possession or control of any books of account or other documents maintained in the form of electronic record as defined in clause (t) of sub-section (1) of section 2 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000), to afford the authorised officer the necessary facility to inspect such books of account or other documents; any books of account or other documents maintained in the form of electronic record as defined in clause (t) of sub-section (1) of section 2 of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (21 of 2000), to afford the authorised officer the necessary facility to inspect such books of account or other documents; (iii)seize any such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing found as a result of such search: jewellery or other valuable article or thing found as a result of such search: Provided that bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing, being stock-in-trade of the business, found as a result of such search shall not be seized but the authorised officer shall make a note or inventory of such stock-in-trade of the business; (iv)place marks of identification on any books of account or other documents or make or cause to be made extracts or copies therefrom; documents or make or cause to be made extracts or copies therefrom; (v)make a note or an inventory of any such money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing : or other valuable article or thing : [Provided that where any building, place, vessel, vehicle or aircraft referred to in clause (i) is within the area of jurisdiction of any [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner or [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner, but such [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner or [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner has no jurisdiction over the person referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) or clause (c), then, notwithstanding anything contained in section 120, it shall be competent for him to exercise the powers under this sub-section in all cases where he has reason to believe that any delay in getting the authorisation from the [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner or [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner] having jurisdiction over such person may be prejudicial to the interests of the revenue : Provided further that where it is not possible or practicable to take physical possession of any valuable article or thing and remove it to a safe place due to its volume, weight or other physical characteristics or due to its being of a dangerous nature, the authorised officer may serve an order on the owner or the person who is in immediate possession or 6 control thereof that he shall not remove, part with or otherwise deal with it, except with the previous permission of such authorised officer and such action of the authorised officer shall be deemed to be seizure of such valuable article or thing under clause (iii): Provided also that nothing contained in the second proviso shall apply in case of any valuable article or thing, being stock-in-trade of the business: Provided also that no authorisation shall be issued by the Additional Director or Additional Commissioner or Joint Director or Joint Commissioner on or after the 1st day of October, 2009 unless he has been empowered by the Board to do so. Provided also that nothing contained in the second proviso shall apply in case of any valuable article or thing, being stock-in-trade of the business: Provided also that no authorisation shall be issued by the Additional Director or Additional Commissioner or Joint Director or Joint Commissioner on or after the 1st day of October, 2009 unless he has been empowered by the Board to do so. [(1A) Where any [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner or [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner, in consequence of information in his possession, has reason to suspect that any books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing in respect of which an officer has been authorised by the [Principal Director General or] Director General or [Principal Director or] Director or any other [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner or [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner or Additional Director or Additional Commissioner or Joint Director or Joint Commissioner to take action under clauses (i) to (v) of sub-section (1) are or is kept in any building, place, vessel, vehicle or aircraft not mentioned in the authorisation under sub-section (1), such [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner or [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner may, notwithstanding anything contained in section 120, authorise the said officer to take action under any of the clauses aforesaid in respect of such building, place, vessel, vehicle or aircraft.] (2) The authorised officer may requisition the services of any police officer or of any officer of the Central Government, or of both, to assist him for all or any of the purposes specified in sub-section (1) or sub-section (1A) and it shall be the duty of every such officer to comply with such requisition. (3) The authorised officer may, where it is not practicable to seize any such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing, for reasons other than those mentioned in the second proviso to sub-section (1), serve an order on the owner or the person who is in immediate possession or control thereof that he shall not remove, part with or otherwise deal with it except with the previous permission of such officer and such officer may take such steps as may be necessary for ensuring compliance with this sub-section. Explanation.—For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that serving of an order as aforesaid under this sub-section shall not be deemed to be seizure of such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing under clause (iii) of subsection (1). (4) The authorised officer may, during the course of the search or seizure, examine on oath any person who is found to be in possession or control of any books of account, documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing and any statement made by such person during such examination may thereafter be used in evidence in any 7 proceeding under the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or under this Act. Explanation.—For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that the examination of any person under this sub-section may be not merely in respect of any books of account, other documents or assets found as a result of the search, but also in respect of all matters relevant for the purposes of any investigation connected with any proceeding under the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or under this Act. (4A) Where any books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing are or is found in the possession or control of any person in the course of a search, it may be presumed— (i)that such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing belong or belongs to such person; jewellery or other valuable article or thing belong or belongs to such person; (ii)that the contents of such books of account and other documents are true ; and are true ; and investigation connected with any proceeding under the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or under this Act. (4A) Where any books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing are or is found in the possession or control of any person in the course of a search, it may be presumed— (i)that such books of account, other documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing belong or belongs to such person; jewellery or other valuable article or thing belong or belongs to such person; (ii)that the contents of such books of account and other documents are true ; and are true ; and (iii)that the signature and every other part of such books of account and other documents which purport to be in the handwriting of any particular person or which may reasonably be assumed to have been signed by, or to be in the handwriting of, any particular person, are in that person's handwriting, and in the case of a document stamped, executed or attested, that it was duly stamped and executed or attested by the person by whom it purports to have been so executed or attested. and other documents which purport to be in the handwriting of any particular person or which may reasonably be assumed to have been signed by, or to be in the handwriting of, any particular person, are in that person's handwriting, and in the case of a document stamped, executed or attested, that it was duly stamped and executed or attested by the person by whom it purports to have been so executed or attested. (5) [***] (6) [***] (7) [***] (8) The books of account or other documents seized under subsection (1) or sub-section (1A) shall not be retained by the authorised officer for a period exceeding thirty days from the date of the order of assessment under section 153A or clause (c) of section 158BC unless the reasons for retaining the same are recorded by him in writing and the approval of the [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner, [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner, [Principal Director General or Director General or [Principal Director or] Director for such retention is obtained : Provided that the [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner, [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner, [Principal Director General or] Director General or [Principal Director or] Director shall not authorise the retention of the books of account and other documents for a period exceeding thirty days after all the proceedings under the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or this Act in respect of the years for which the books of account or other documents are relevant are completed. (8A) An order under sub-section (3) shall not be in force for a period exceeding sixty days from the date of the order. (9) The person from whose custody any books of account or other documents are seized under sub-section (1) or sub-section (1A) may make copies thereof, or take extracts therefrom, in the presence of the authorised officer or any other person empowered by him in this behalf, 8 at such place and time as the authorised officer may appoint in this behalf. (9A) Where the authorised officer has no jurisdiction over the person referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) or clause (c) of subsection (1), the books of account or other documents, or any money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing (hereafter in this section and in sections 132A and 132B referred to as the assets) seized under that sub-section shall be handed over by the authorised officer to the Assessing Officer having jurisdiction over such person within a period of sixty days from the date on which the last of the authorisations for search was executed and thereupon the powers exercisable by the authorised officer under sub-section (8) or sub-section (9) shall be exercisable by such Assessing Officer. (9A) Where the authorised officer has no jurisdiction over the person referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) or clause (c) of subsection (1), the books of account or other documents, or any money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable article or thing (hereafter in this section and in sections 132A and 132B referred to as the assets) seized under that sub-section shall be handed over by the authorised officer to the Assessing Officer having jurisdiction over such person within a period of sixty days from the date on which the last of the authorisations for search was executed and thereupon the powers exercisable by the authorised officer under sub-section (8) or sub-section (9) shall be exercisable by such Assessing Officer. (10) If a person legally entitled to the books of account or other documents seized under sub-section (1) or sub-section (1A) objects for any reason to the approval given by the [Principal Chief Commissioner or] Chief Commissioner, [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner, [Principal Director General or] Director General or [Principal Director or] Director under sub-section (8), he may make an application to the Board stating therein the reasons for such objection and requesting for the return of the books of account or other documents and the Board may, after giving the applicant an opportunity of being heard, pass such orders as it thinks fit. [(13) The provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), relating to searches and seizure shall apply, so far as may be, to searches and seizure under sub-section (1) or sub-section (1A).] (14) The Board may make rules in relation to any search or seizure under this section ; in particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for the procedure to be followed by the authorised officer— (i) for obtaining ingress into any building, place, vessel, vehicle or aircraft to be searched where free ingress thereto is not available ; vehicle or aircraft to be searched where free ingress thereto is not available ; (ii) for ensuring safe custody of any books of account or other documents or assets seized. documents or assets seized. Explanation 1.—For the purposes of sub-section (9A), "execution of an authorisation for search" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in Explanation 2 to section 158BE. Explanation 2.—In this section, the word "proceeding" means any proceeding in respect of any year, whether under the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or this Act, which may be pending on the date on which a search is authorised under this section or which may have been completed on or before such date and includes also all proceedings under this Act which may be commenced after such date in respect of any year.” (ii) for ensuring safe custody of any books of account or other documents or assets seized. documents or assets seized. Explanation 1.—For the purposes of sub-section (9A), "execution of an authorisation for search" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in Explanation 2 to section 158BE. Explanation 2.—In this section, the word "proceeding" means any proceeding in respect of any year, whether under the Indian Income-tax Act, 1922 (11 of 1922), or this Act, which may be pending on the date on which a search is authorised under this section or which may have been completed on or before such date and includes also all proceedings under this Act which may be commenced after such date in respect of any year.” Section 132 confers power upon the authorities for search and seizure. The provision stipulates power upon the authorities who must have information in his possession and it is he who must have reasons to believe, it is, however, not the commissioner who does the actual search and seizure. This is left to the person whom he authorizes to carry out the search. It follows, therefore, that the seizure of books of account, documents, money, bullion, jewellery or other valuable articles would be dependent on the person so authorized being of the opinion that the same would be useful in any income tax proceeding. Therefore, the inspecting officers cannot seize documents, etc, by themselves but must be guided by the Commissioner. In other words, the things can be seized only after the Commissioner has seen them and had come to be of the opinion that they were relevant and useful, or else he must set out in the warrant of authority particulars of such documents, books of accounts, etc. The difference in between the wordings of clauses (a) and (b) of sub-section (1) of Section 132 of the Act, 1961 is that under clause (a) action may be taken if a person is searched with a summons to produce or cause to be produced, specified books of account or other documents and fails to do so. But in clause (b) the basis is somewhat different. In the latter case, the Commissioner must have reason to believe that the person to whom a summons has been issued under clause (a) or might be issued, will not produce or cause to be produced any books of account or documents which will be useful and relevant to an income tax proceeding. Under clause (b), unless summons under clause(a) has been issued, no specification is possible. In such a case the basis is that the 10 assessee will suppress books of account and documents which will be required. The income tax authorities require the power furnished by clause (b) for the very reason that they do not know what the relevant books of account and documents are, and are afraid that they will be concealed or suppressed. The power of seizure under section 132 shall be exercised in accordance with sub-rules (2) to (14). Sub-rule (2) provides that the commissioner must first of all record his reason for issuing a warrant of authority. It then provides as to what should be the form of such warrant and the commissioner after going through the relevant records will reduce the reasons in writing for the future exercise and as such under the law, it is the Commissioner or the competent authority who must have reason to believe that the assessee would not produce certain books of account or document is called upon to do so, and it is he who must be of the opinion that they are relevant for the purpose of any income tax proceeding, under these underlying principles the power conferred U/s.132 is to be exercised by the competent authority. 9.Section 131(1A) reads as follows:- 9.Section 131(1A) reads as follows:- “131. (1A) If the [Principal Director General or] Director General or [Principal Director or] Director or Joint Director or Assistant Director or Deputy Director, or the authorised officer referred to in sub-section (1) of section 132 before he takes action under clauses (i) to (v) of that subsection,] has reason to suspect that any income has been concealed, or is likely to be concealed, by any person or class of persons, within his jurisdiction, then, for the purposes of making any enquiry or investigation relating thereto, it shall be competent for him to exercise the powers conferred under sub-section (1) on the income-tax authorities referred to in that sub-section, notwithstanding that no proceedings with respect to such person or class of persons are pending before him or any other income-tax authority.” This provision confers power upon the competent authority that if there is reason to suspect that any income has been concealed, or is likely to be concealed by any person or class of persons within his jurisdiction, then, for 11 the purposes for making any inquiry or investigation relating thereto, it shall be competent to exercise powers conferred under sub-section (1) on the income tax authorities referred to in that sub-section, notwithstanding that no proceeding with respect to such person or class of persons are pending before him or any other income tax authority. We gathered from the provision of Sec.131(1A) that no precondition for issuance of notice upon the assessee is stipulated in the said provision before invoking the jurisdiction conferred under the provision of Section 132 of the Act. 10.Section 133(A) reads as follows:- “133A. Power of survey. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other provision of this Act, an income-tax authority may enter— (a) any place within the limits of the area assigned to him, or (b) any place occupied by any person in respect of whom he exercises jurisdiction, or jurisdiction, or (c) any place in respect of which he is authorised for the purposes of this section by such income-tax authority, who is assigned the area within which such place is situated or who exercises jurisdiction in respect of any person occupying such place, at which a business or profession is carried on, whether such place be the principal place or not of such business or profession, and require any proprietor, employee or any other person who may at that time and place be attending in any manner to, or helping in, the carrying on of such business or profession— this section by such income-tax authority, who is assigned the area within which such place is situated or who exercises jurisdiction in respect of any person occupying such place, at which a business or profession is carried on, whether such place be the principal place or not of such business or profession, and require any proprietor, employee or any other person who may at that time and place be attending in any manner to, or helping in, the carrying on of such business or profession— (i) to afford him the necessary facility to inspect such books of account or other documents as he may require and which may be available at such place, account or other documents as he may require and which may be available at such place, (ii) to afford him the necessary facility to check or verify the cash, stock or other valuable article or thing which may be found therein, and stock or other valuable article or thing which may be found therein, and (iv)to furnish such information as he may require as to any matter which may be useful for, or relevant to, any proceeding under this Act. which may be useful for, or relevant to, any proceeding under this Act. Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, a place where a business or profession is carried on shall also include any other place, whether any business or profession is carried (ii) to afford him the necessary facility to check or verify the cash, stock or other valuable article or thing which may be found therein, and stock or other valuable article or thing which may be found therein, and (iv)to furnish such information as he may require as to any matter which may be useful for, or relevant to, any proceeding under this Act. which may be useful for, or relevant to, any proceeding under this Act. Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section, a place where a business or profession is carried on shall also include any other place, whether any business or profession is carried on therein or not, in which the person carrying on the business or profession states that any of his books of account or other documents or any part of his cash or stock or other valuable article or thing relating to his business or profession are or is kept. (2) An income-tax authority may enter any place of business or profession referred to in sub-section (1) only during the hours at which such place is open for the conduct of business or profession and, in the case of any other place, only after sunrise and before sunset. [(2A) Without prejudice to the provisions of sub-section (1), an income-tax authority acting under this sub-section may for the purpose of verifying that tax has been deducted or collected at source in accordance with the provisions under sub-heading B of Chapter XVII or under sub-heading BB of Chapter XVII, as the case may be, enter, after sunrise and before sunset, any office, or any other place where business or profession is carried on, within the limits of the area assigned to him, or any place in respect of which he is authorised for the purposes of this section by such income-tax authority who is assigned the area within which such place is situated, where books of account or documents are kept and require the deductor or the collector or any other person who may at that time and place be attending in any manner to such work,— (i)to afford him the necessary facility to inspect such books of account or other documents as he may require and which may be available at such place, and account or other documents as he may require and which may be available at such place, and (ii)to furnish such information as he may require in relation to such matter.] (3) An income-tax authority acting under this section may,— matter.] (3) An income-tax authority acting under this section may,— (i)if he so deems necessary, place marks of identification on the books of account or other documents inspected by him and make or cause to be made extracts or copies therefrom, on the books of account or other documents inspected by him and make or cause to be made extracts or copies therefrom, (ia) impound and retain in his custody for such period as he thinks fit any books of account or other documents inspected by him: thinks fit any books of account or other documents inspected by him: Provided that such income-tax authority shall not— (a) impound any books of account or other documents except after recording his reasons for so doing; or except after recording his reasons for so doing; or [(b) retain in his custody any such books of account or other documents for a period exceeding fifteen days (exclusive of holidays) without obtaining the approval of the Principal Chief Commissioner or the Chief Commissioner or the Principal Director General or the Director General or the Principal Commissioner or the Commissioner or the Principal Director or the Director therefor, as the case may be,] documents for a period exceeding fifteen days (exclusive of holidays) without obtaining the approval of the Principal Chief Commissioner or the Chief Commissioner or the Principal Director General or the Director General or the Principal Commissioner or the Commissioner or the Principal Director or the Director therefor, as the case may be,] (ii) make an inventory of any cash, stock or other valuable article or thing checked or verified by him, article or thing checked or verified by him, (ii) make an inventory of any cash, stock or other valuable article or thing checked or verified by him, article or thing checked or verified by him, (iii) record the statement of any person which may be useful for, or relevant to, any proceeding under this Act : for, or relevant to, any proceeding under this Act : [Provided that no action under clause (ia) or clause (ii) shall be taken by an income-tax authority acting under sub-section (2A).] shall be taken by an income-tax authority acting under sub-section (2A).] (4) An income-tax authority acting under this section shall, on no account, remove or cause to be removed from the place wherein he has entered, any cash, stock or other valuable article or thing. on no account, remove or cause to be removed from the place wherein he has entered, any cash, stock or other valuable article or thing. (5) Where, having regard to the nature and scale of expenditure incurred by an assessee, in connection with any function, ceremony or event, the income-tax authority is of the opinion that it is necessary or expedient so 13 to do, he may, at any time after such function, ceremony or event, require the assessee by whom such expenditure has been incurred or any person who, in the opinion of the income-tax authority, is likely to possess information as respects the expenditure incurred, to furnish such information as he may require as to any matter which may be useful for, or relevant to, any proceeding under this Act and may have the statements of the assessee or any other person recorded and any statement so recorded may thereafter be used in evidence in any proceeding under this Act. expenditure incurred by an assessee, in connection with any function, ceremony or event, the income-tax authority is of the opinion that it is necessary or expedient so 13 to do, he may, at any time after such function, ceremony or event, require the assessee by whom such expenditure has been incurred or any person who, in the opinion of the income-tax authority, is likely to possess information as respects the expenditure incurred, to furnish such information as he may require as to any matter which may be useful for, or relevant to, any proceeding under this Act and may have the statements of the assessee or any other person recorded and any statement so recorded may thereafter be used in evidence in any proceeding under this Act. (6) If a person under this section is required to afford facility to the income-tax authority to inspect books of account or other documents or to check or verify any cash, stock or other valuable article or thing or to furnish any information or to have his statement recorded either refuses or evades to do so, the income-tax authority shall have all the powers under sub-section (1) of section 131 for enforcing compliance with the requirement made : to the income-tax authority to inspect books of account or other documents or to check or verify any cash, stock or other valuable article or thing or to furnish any information or to have his statement recorded either refuses or evades to do so, the income-tax authority shall have all the powers under sub-section (1) of section 131 for enforcing compliance with the requirement made : Provided that no action under sub-section (1) shall be taken by an Assistant Director or a Deputy Director or an Assessing Officer or a Tax Recovery Officer or an Inspector of Income-tax without obtaining the approval of the Joint Director or the Joint Commissioner, as the case may be. Explanation.—In this section,— Provided that no action under sub-section (1) shall be taken by an Assistant Director or a Deputy Director or an Assessing Officer or a Tax Recovery Officer or an Inspector of Income-tax without obtaining the approval of the Joint Director or the Joint Commissioner, as the case may be. Explanation.—In this section,— (a) "income-tax authority" means a [Principal Commissioner or] Commissioner, a Joint Commissioner, a [Principal Director or] Director, a Joint Director, an Assistant Director or a Deputy Director or an Assessing Officer, or a Tax Recovery Officer, and for the purposes of clause (i) of sub-section (1), clause (i) of sub-section (3) and sub-section (5), includes an Inspector of Income-tax; Commissioner, a Joint Commissioner, a [Principal Director or] Director, a Joint Director, an Assistant Director or a Deputy Director or an Assessing Officer, or a Tax Recovery Officer, and for the purposes of clause (i) of sub-section (1), clause (i) of sub-section (3) and sub-section (5), includes an Inspector of Income-tax; (b) "proceeding" means any proceeding under this Act in respect of any year which may be pending on the date on which the powers under this section are exercised or which may have been completed on or before such date and includes also all proceedings under this Act which may be commenced after such date in respect of any year.” respect of any year which may be pending on the date on which the powers under this section are exercised or which may have been completed on or before such date and includes also all proceedings under this Act which may be commenced after such date in respect of any year.” This section confers power upon the authority to conduct survey which authorizes the income tax authority to enter in any place within the limits of the area assigned to him, or any place occupied by any person in respect of whom he exercises jurisdiction or any place in respect of which he is authorized for the purposes of this section by such income tax authority, who is assigned area within which such place is situated or who exercises jurisdiction in respect of any person occupying such place. 11.Section 153-A reads as follows:- “153A. Assessment in case of search or requisition (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in section 139, section 147, section 148, section 149, section 151 and section 153, in the case of a person where a search is initiated under section 132 or books of account, other documents or any assets are requisitioned under section 132A after the 31st day of May, 2003, the Assessing Officer shall— (a) issue notice to such person requiring him to furnish within such period, as may be specified in the notice, the return of income in respect of each assessment year falling within six assessment years referred to in clause (b), in the prescribed form and verified in the prescribed manner and setting forth such other particulars as may be prescribed and the provisions of this Act shall, so far as may be, apply accordingly as if such return were a return required to be furnished under section 139; (b) assess or reassess the total income of six assessment years immediately preceding the assessment year relevant to the previous year in which such search is conducted or requisition is made: Provided that the Assessing Officer shall assess or reassess the total income in respect of each assessment year falling within such six assessment years: Provided further that assessment or reassessment, if any, relating to any assessment year falling within the period of six assessment years referred to in this sub-section pending on the date of initiation of the search under section 132 or making of requisition under section 132A, as the case may be, shall abate: (b) assess or reassess the total income of six assessment years immediately preceding the assessment year relevant to the previous year in which such search is conducted or requisition is made: Provided that the Assessing Officer shall assess or reassess the total income in respect of each assessment year falling within such six assessment years: Provided furt